Questions: The process by which organisms adjust beneficially to their environment, or the characteristics by which they overcome hazards and gain access to the resources they need to survive, is called: culture. biology. social structure. adaptation.

The answer is the fourth one (or D): adaptation.

Explanation for each option:

• Culture: This refers to the shared beliefs, practices, norms, and values of a group of people. While culture can influence how organisms interact with their environment, it is not the process by which they adjust beneficially to their environment.
• Biology: This is the scientific study of life and living organisms. While biology encompasses the study of adaptation, it is not the term specifically used to describe the process of adjusting to the environment.
• Social structure: This refers to the organized pattern of social relationships and social institutions that together compose society. It is not directly related to the process of organisms adjusting to their environment.
• Adaptation: This is the process by which organisms adjust beneficially to their environment, or the characteristics by which they overcome hazards and gain access to the resources they need to survive. This is the correct term for the process described in the question.

Summary: The process by which organisms adjust beneficially to their environment, or the characteristics by which they overcome hazards and gain access to the resources they need to survive, is called adaptation.