Questions: ``` if (a == -1) left = FROM; right = TO; else cin >> b; left = min(a, b); right = max(a, b); answer = rand() % (right - left + 1) + left; ```

``` if (a == -1) left = FROM; right = TO; else cin >> b; left = min(a, b); right = max(a, b); answer = rand() % (right - left + 1) + left; ```
Transcript text: ``` if (a == -1) { left = FROM; right = TO; } else { cin >> b; left = min(a, b); right = max(a, b); } answer = rand() % (right - left + 1) + left; ```
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Analyze the code's purpose

The code aims to generate a random integer within a specified range. The range is determined by the values of FROM and TO if 'a' is -1, otherwise it is determined by the values of 'a' and 'b'.

Step 2: Explain the conditional logic

If a equals -1, the range is defined by predefined constants FROM and TO. Otherwise, the user is prompted to input a value for b. The code then calculates the minimum and maximum of a and b using the min() and max() functions. These become the boundaries of the range, assigned to left and right, respectively.

Step 3: Explain random number generation

The rand() function generates a pseudo-random integer. The modulo operator (%) is used to confine the output of rand() to the desired range. (right - left + 1) calculates the size of the range, ensuring that the result of the modulo operation is between 0 and right - left, inclusive. Adding left to this result shifts the range from 0-right - left to left-right.

Final Answer:

The code takes an integer 'a' as input. If 'a' is -1, it generates a random number between FROM and TO. Otherwise it takes another input 'b' and generates a random number between 'a' and 'b'.

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