Questions: Which of the following is likely a problem for elk herds in areas where there are no wolves or grizzlies? increased spread of disease inability to find mates decreased genetic diversity insufficient numbers for group defense

The answer is the first one: increased spread of disease.

Explanation for each option:

1. Increased spread of disease: This is likely a problem for elk herds in areas without natural predators like wolves or grizzlies. Predators help control the population of elk by preying on the weaker or sick individuals, which can reduce the spread of disease within the herd. Without these predators, the population can grow unchecked, leading to higher densities and increased transmission of diseases.

2. Inability to find mates: This is less likely to be a problem in the absence of predators. In fact, with fewer threats, elk may have more opportunities to find mates and reproduce.

3. Decreased genetic diversity: This is not directly related to the presence or absence of predators. Genetic diversity is more influenced by factors such as population size, migration, and breeding patterns.

4. Insufficient numbers for group defense: In the absence of predators, elk herds are more likely to increase in number rather than decrease. Therefore, insufficient numbers for group defense is not a likely problem in areas without wolves or grizzlies.

Summary: In areas where there are no wolves or grizzlies, the most likely problem for elk herds is the increased spread of disease due to higher population densities and lack of natural predation.