Questions: What's wrong with the following statement? "Because the digits 0,1,2, ..., 9 are the normal results from lottery drawings, such randomly selected numbers have a normal distribution." Choose the correct answer below. A. Since the probability of each digit being selected is equal, lottery digits have a uniform distribution, not a normal distribution. B. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn with replacement, which is not specified. C. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn without replacement, which is not specified. D. It is not the randomly selected digits that have a normal distribution but rather the chances of winning the lottery.

What's wrong with the following statement?
"Because the digits 0,1,2, ..., 9 are the normal results from lottery drawings, such randomly selected numbers have a normal distribution."

Choose the correct answer below.
A. Since the probability of each digit being selected is equal, lottery digits have a uniform distribution, not a normal distribution.
B. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn with replacement, which is not specified.
C. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn without replacement, which is not specified.
D. It is not the randomly selected digits that have a normal distribution but rather the chances of winning the lottery.
Transcript text: What's wrong with the following statement? "Because the digits $0,1,2, \ldots, 9$ are the normal results from lottery drawings, such randomly selected numbers have a normal distribution." Choose the correct answer below. A. Since the probability of each digit being selected is equal, lottery digits have a uniform distribution, not a normal distribution. B. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn with replacement, which is not specified. C. The lottery digits have a normal distribution only if the digits are drawn without replacement, which is not specified. D. It is not the randomly selected digits that have a normal distribution but rather the chances of winning the lottery.
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Solution

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Step 1: Calculate the Mean

The mean \( E(X) \) of a uniform distribution defined on the interval \([a, b]\) is given by the formula:

\[ E(X) = \frac{a + b}{2} \]

For our case, where \( a = 0 \) and \( b = 9 \):

\[ E(X) = \frac{0 + 9}{2} = 4.5 \]

Step 2: Calculate the Variance

The variance \( \text{Var}(X) \) of a uniform distribution is calculated using the formula:

\[ \text{Var}(X) = \frac{(b - a)^2}{12} \]

Substituting \( a = 0 \) and \( b = 9 \):

\[ \text{Var}(X) = \frac{(9 - 0)^2}{12} = \frac{81}{12} = 6.75 \]

Step 3: Calculate the Standard Deviation

The standard deviation \( \sigma(X) \) is the square root of the variance:

\[ \sigma(X) = \sqrt{\text{Var}(X)} = \sqrt{6.75} \approx 2.5981 \]

Step 4: Calculate the Probability

The cumulative distribution function \( F(x; a, b) \) for a uniform distribution is defined as:

\[ F(x; a, b) = \frac{x - a}{b - a}, \quad a \leq x \leq b \]

To find the probability \( P(0 \leq X \leq 9) \):

\[ P(0 \leq X \leq 9) = F(9) - F(0) = 1.0 - 0.0 = 1.0 \]

Conclusion

Since the probability of each digit being selected is equal, the lottery digits have a uniform distribution, not a normal distribution. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is:

\(\boxed{A}\)

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