Questions: What document did Martin Luther famously nail to the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church in 1517?

The answer is: The Ninety-Five Theses.

Explanation for each option:

1. The Declaration of Independence: This is incorrect. The Declaration of Independence was a document written in 1776 by Thomas Jefferson, declaring the thirteen American colonies' independence from British rule. It has no connection to Martin Luther or the events of 1517.

2. The Ninety-Five Theses: This is correct. Martin Luther famously nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle Church on October 31, 1517. This document criticized the Catholic Church's practice of selling indulgences and sparked the Protestant Reformation.

3. The Augsburg Confession: This is incorrect. The Augsburg Confession was a statement of faith written in 1530 by Philip Melanchthon, a follower of Martin Luther, and presented to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. It was an important document in the Lutheran tradition but was not the document Luther nailed to the church door in 1517.

4. The Declaration of the Rights of Man: This is incorrect. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was a fundamental document of the French Revolution, adopted in 1789. It outlined the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal. It has no connection to Martin Luther or the events of 1517.