Questions: Why might problems with function of the earliest oral steps in digestion be associated with age-related diseases like Alzheimer's Syndrome and Parkinson's Disease? Select one: a. Both AD and PD have significant stigma association, although education campaigns are working to change this. b. Both AD and PD are associated with brain and neurological problems, and nerve damage directly impinges on the first steps of digestion which occur in the mouth and esophagus. c. Both AD and PD are associated with memory loss and cognitive difficulty. d. As the relative proportion of elderly in the population grows, so, too, do problems with consumer good availability.

Why might problems with function of the earliest oral steps in digestion be associated with age-related diseases like Alzheimer's Syndrome and Parkinson's Disease? Select one: a. Both AD and PD have significant stigma association, although education campaigns are working to change this. b. Both AD and PD are associated with brain and neurological problems, and nerve damage directly impinges on the first steps of digestion which occur in the mouth and esophagus. c. Both AD and PD are associated with memory loss and cognitive difficulty. d. As the relative proportion of elderly in the population grows, so, too, do problems with consumer good availability.
Transcript text: Why might problems with function of the earliest oral steps in digestion be associated with age-related diseases like Alzheimer's Syndrome and Parkinson's Disease? Select one: a. Both $A D$ and PD have significant stigma association, although education campaigns are working to change this. b. Both $A D$ and PD are associated with brain and neurological problems, and nerve damage directly impinges on the first steps of digestion which occur in the mouth and esophagus. c. Both AD and PD are associated with memory loss and cognitive difficulty. d. As the relative proportion of elderly in the population grows, so, too, do problems with consumer good availability.
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Solution

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The answer is the second one (b): Both AD and PD are associated with brain and neurological problems, and nerve damage directly impinges on the first steps of digestion which occur in the mouth and esophagus.

Explanation for each option:

a. Both AD and PD have significant stigma association, although education campaigns are working to change this.

  • This option discusses the social stigma associated with these diseases, which is not directly related to the physiological problems with the oral steps in digestion.

b. Both AD and PD are associated with brain and neurological problems, and nerve damage directly impinges on the first steps of digestion which occur in the mouth and esophagus.

  • This option correctly identifies the link between neurological problems and the impact on the oral and esophageal phases of digestion. Both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's can affect nerve function, which can impair the muscles and nerves involved in chewing and swallowing.

c. Both AD and PD are associated with memory loss and cognitive difficulty.

  • While this is true, it does not directly explain why there would be problems with the oral steps of digestion. Memory loss and cognitive difficulties are more related to mental processes rather than physical digestion.

d. As the relative proportion of elderly in the population grows, so, too, do problems with consumer good availability.

  • This option discusses demographic changes and consumer goods, which is unrelated to the physiological aspects of digestion and neurological diseases.

In summary, option b is the most relevant answer as it directly addresses the connection between neurological issues and the initial steps of digestion.

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