Questions: What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain? * Carbon dioxide Water Oxygen Glucose What does ATP synthase use to produce ATP? * Glucose Proton gradient Electron flow Carbon dioxide

The answer to the first question is: Oxygen.

Explanation:

• Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. It combines with electrons and protons to form water, which is a byproduct of the process. This is a crucial step in cellular respiration, allowing for the continuation of the electron transport chain and the production of ATP.

• Carbon dioxide is not involved in the electron transport chain as an electron acceptor; it is a product of the citric acid cycle.

• Water is a product formed when oxygen accepts electrons, not an electron acceptor itself.

• Glucose is the initial substrate for cellular respiration, not an electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

The answer to the second question is: Proton gradient.

Explanation:

• ATP synthase uses the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to produce ATP. The flow of protons down their gradient through ATP synthase provides the energy needed to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.

• Glucose is not directly used by ATP synthase; it is broken down earlier in cellular respiration.

• Electron flow is part of the electron transport chain but does not directly drive ATP synthase.

• Carbon dioxide is not involved in the process of ATP synthesis by ATP synthase.