When hydrochloric acid (HCl) is added to water, it dissociates into hydrogen ions (H\(^+\)) and chloride ions (Cl\(^-\)). This process increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, making it more acidic. The pH of the solution decreases as a result. The dissociation can be represented by the equation:
\[ \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{H}^+ + \text{Cl}^- \]
In the video, when HCl is added to the beaker of water, you would observe an increase in acidity. This might be indicated by a change in color if a pH indicator is present, or by a pH meter showing a lower pH value. The solution becomes more acidic due to the increased concentration of H\(^+\) ions.
When sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added to water, it dissociates into sodium ions (Na\(^+\)) and hydroxide ions (OH\(^-\)). This increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution, making it more basic. The pH of the solution increases as a result. The dissociation can be represented by the equation:
\[ \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ + \text{OH}^- \]
In the video, when NaOH is added to the beaker of water, you would observe an increase in basicity. This might be indicated by a change in color if a pH indicator is present, or by a pH meter showing a higher pH value. The solution becomes more basic due to the increased concentration of OH\(^-\) ions.
- When HCl is added to the beaker of water, the solution becomes more acidic due to the dissociation of HCl into H\(^+\) and Cl\(^-\) ions, resulting in a lower pH. \(\boxed{\text{HCl: Solution becomes more acidic}}\)
- When NaOH is added to the beaker of water, the solution becomes more basic due to the dissociation of NaOH into Na\(^+\) and OH\(^-\) ions, resulting in a higher pH. \(\boxed{\text{NaOH: Solution becomes more basic}}\)
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