Questions: Which of the following has the least ring strain? I II III IV V

Which of the following has the least ring strain? I II III IV V
Transcript text: Which of the following has the least ring strain? I II III IV V
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Identify the Shapes
  • The shapes given are polygons with different numbers of sides:
    • I: Octagon (8 sides)
    • II: Pentagon (5 sides)
    • III: Hexagon (6 sides)
    • IV: Square (4 sides)
    • V: Triangle (3 sides)
Step 2: Understand Ring Strain
  • Ring strain in cyclic compounds arises from angle strain, torsional strain, and steric strain.
  • Angle strain occurs when bond angles deviate from their ideal values (109.5° for sp3 hybridized carbons).
Step 3: Compare Ring Strain
  • Hexagon (III) has bond angles of 120°, which is close to the ideal tetrahedral angle, minimizing angle strain.
  • Octagon (I) and Pentagon (II) have more angle strain due to deviation from ideal angles.
  • Square (IV) and Triangle (V) have significant angle strain due to their small bond angles (90° and 60° respectively).

Final Answer

  • The hexagon (III) has the least ring strain.
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