Questions: Counting protons and electrons in atoms and atomic ions Fill in the missing information: symbol atom or ion? (check all that apply) number of protons number of electrons --- --- --- --- neutral atom cation anion 14 13 51 N^(3-)

Counting protons and electrons in atoms and atomic ions Fill in the missing information: symbol atom or ion? (check all that apply) number of protons number of electrons --- --- --- --- neutral atom cation anion 14 13 51 N^(3-)
Transcript text: Counting protons and electrons in atoms and atomic ions Fill in the missing information: \begin{tabular}{|c|ccc|c|c|} \hline symbol & \multicolumn{3}{|c|}{\begin{tabular}{c} atom or ion? \\ check all that apply \end{tabular}} & \begin{tabular}{c} number of \\ protons \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} number of \\ electrons \end{tabular} \\ \hline$\square$ & $\square$ neutral atom & $\square$ cation & $\square$ anion & 14 & 13 \\ \hline$\square$ & $\square$ neutral atom & $\square$ cation & $\square$ anion & 51 & $\square$ \\ \hline $\mathrm{N}^{3-}$ & $\square$ neutral atom & $\square$ cation & $\square$ anion & $\square$ & $\square$ \\ \hline \end{tabular}
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Determine the Type of Species for Each Row

For the first row:

  • Given: \( \text{number of protons} = 14 \), \( \text{number of electrons} = 13 \)
  • Since the number of electrons is less than the number of protons, it is a cation.

For the second row:

  • Given: \( \text{number of protons} = 51 \), \( \text{number of electrons} = 51 \)
  • Since the number of electrons equals the number of protons, it is a neutral atom.

For the third row:

  • Given: \( \mathrm{N}^{3-} \)
  • Nitrogen (\( \mathrm{N} \)) has an atomic number of 7, so it has 7 protons.
  • The charge is \(-3\), so the number of electrons is \( 7 + 3 = 10 \).
  • Since the charge is negative, it is an anion.
Step 2: Fill in the Missing Information

For the first row:

  • Type: Cation
  • Number of protons: 14
  • Number of electrons: 13

For the second row:

  • Type: Neutral atom
  • Number of protons: 51
  • Number of electrons: 51

For the third row:

  • Type: Anion
  • Number of protons: 7
  • Number of electrons: 10

Final Answer

\[ \boxed{\text{Cation, Neutral atom, Anion, 7, 10}} \]

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