Questions: Pulmonary edema is a buildup of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles caused by heart failure.

Pulmonary edema is a buildup of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles caused by heart failure.
Transcript text: Pulmonary edema is a buildup of fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles caused by heart failure.
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Solution

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The answer is the first one: Pulmonary edema.

Explanation for each option:

  1. Pulmonary edema: This is the correct answer. Pulmonary edema is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the air sacs (alveoli) and bronchioles of the lungs. It is often caused by heart failure, where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to increased pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs and fluid leakage into the lung tissue.

  2. Pulmonary abscess: This is incorrect. A pulmonary abscess is a localized collection of pus within the lung tissue, usually due to a bacterial infection. It is not directly related to heart failure or fluid buildup in the air sacs.

  3. Hemoptysis: This is incorrect. Hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood from the respiratory tract. It can be caused by various conditions, including infections, cancer, or pulmonary embolism, but it is not specifically related to fluid buildup due to heart failure.

  4. COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): This is incorrect. COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It is primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. It is not characterized by fluid buildup in the lungs due to heart failure.

In summary, pulmonary edema is the condition described in the question, as it involves fluid accumulation in the lungs due to heart failure.

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