Questions: You enter the patient's room and check the oxygen saturation (SpO2) with a pulse oximeter. The reading is 90%. Your instructor asks for your recommendation. You would recommend: - Consult the patients' nurse - Administer a bronchodilator - Maintain current settings - Increase the FIO2 to 60% - Obtain a new oximeter

The answer is: Increase the $\mathrm{FIO}_{2}$ to $60 \%$.

Explanation for each option:

1. Consult the patient's nurse: While consulting the nurse is a good practice for collaborative care, it does not directly address the immediate issue of low oxygen saturation.

2. Administer a bronchodilator: This might be appropriate if the patient has a condition like asthma or COPD, but without more information about the patient's condition, it is not the most immediate or appropriate response to a low $\mathrm{SpO}_{2}$ reading.

3. Maintain current settings: Maintaining the current settings is not advisable because the patient's oxygen saturation is below the normal range (typically 95-100%), indicating that the current settings are insufficient.

4. Increase the $\mathrm{FIO}_{2}$ to $60 \%$: This is the most appropriate immediate action. Increasing the fraction of inspired oxygen ($\mathrm{FIO}_{2}$) can help improve the patient's oxygen saturation levels quickly.

5. Obtain a new oximeter: While it is possible that the oximeter is malfunctioning, it is more urgent to address the low oxygen saturation reading. If the reading remains low after increasing $\mathrm{FIO}_{2}$, then checking the equipment might be considered.

Summary: Given the patient's low oxygen saturation of 90%, the most immediate and appropriate action is to increase the $\mathrm{FIO}_{2}$ to 60% to ensure the patient receives adequate oxygen.