Questions: The normal monthly high temperatures H (in degrees Fahrenheit) in Erie, Pennsylvania, are approximated by
H(t) = 57.54 - 18.53 cos(πt/6) - 14.03 sin(πt/6)
and the normal monthly low temperatures L are approximated by
L(t) = 42.03 - 15.99 cos(πt/6) - 14.32 sin(πt/6)
where t is the time (in months), with t=1 corresponding to January (see figure). t
(a) What is the period of each function? period of H(t) months period of L(t) months
(b) During what part of the year is the difference between the normal high and normal low temperatures greater?
spring
summer
fall
winter
When is it least?
spring
summer
fall
winter
Transcript text: The normal monthly high temperatures $H$ (in degrees Fahrenheit) in Erie, Pennsylvania, are approximated by
\[
H(t)=57.54-18.53 \cos \left(\frac{\pi t}{6}\right)-14.03 \sin \left(\frac{\pi t}{6}\right)
\]
and the normal monthly low temperatures $L$ are approximated by
\[
L(t)=42.03-15.99 \cos \left(\frac{\pi t}{6}\right)-14.32 \sin \left(\frac{\pi t}{6}\right)
\]
where $t$ is the time (in months), with $t=1$ corresponding to January (see figure). $t$
(a) What is the period of each function? period of $H(t)$ $\qquad$ months period of $L(t)$ $\qquad$ months
(b) During what part of the year is the difference between the normal high and normal low temperatures gr
spring
summer
fall
winter
When is it least?
spring
summer
fall
winter
Solution
Solution Steps
Step 1: Find the period of H(t)
The function H(t) is given by:
H(t) = 57.54 - 18.53cos(πt/6) - 14.03sin(πt/6)
Both the cosine and sine functions in H(t) have a period of (2π)/(π/6) = 12 months. Thus, the period of H(t) is 12 months.
Step 2: Find the period of L(t)
The function L(t) is given by:
L(t) = 42.03 - 15.99cos(πt/6) - 14.32sin(πt/6)
Both the cosine and sine functions in L(t) have a period of (2π)/(π/6) = 12 months. Thus, the period of L(t) is 12 months.
Step 3: Determine when the temperature difference is greatest
The temperature difference is given by H(t) - L(t).
Graphically, we can see the greatest difference occurs at t = 7, which corresponds to July. So, the temperature difference is greatest during summer.
Step 4: Determine when the temperature difference is smallest
Graphically, the difference appears to be smallest around January (t=1) and December (t=12). These months correspond to winter.
Final Answer:
The period of H(t) is 12 months.
The period of L(t) is 12 months.
The greatest temperature difference occurs in summer.
The smallest temperature difference occurs in winter.