The answer is the fourth one (d): Tourism.
Explanation for each option:
a.) Pollination - This is an example of a supporting service. Supporting services are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services, such as nutrient cycling, soil formation, and primary production.
b.) Photosynthesis - This is also a supporting service. It is a fundamental process that supports life on Earth by converting solar energy into chemical energy and producing oxygen.
c.) Gasoline - This is not an ecosystem service. Gasoline is a refined product derived from crude oil, which is a natural resource but not an ecosystem service.
d.) Tourism - This is an example of a cultural service. Cultural services are non-material benefits that people obtain from ecosystems through recreation, aesthetic enjoyment, spiritual enrichment, and educational experiences.
In summary, tourism is a cultural service because it involves recreational and aesthetic enjoyment derived from natural environments.