Questions: Statins Select all that apply. - are used to treat hypertension. - reduce liver synthesis of cholesterol. - decrease bile reabsorption. - help to control hyperlipidemia. - cause vasodilation.

The answer is the second one and the fourth one: reduce liver synthesis of cholesterol and help to control hyperlipidemia.

Explanation for each option:

1. Are used to treat hypertension: Incorrect. Statins are primarily used to lower cholesterol levels and are not typically used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Hypertension is usually treated with medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics, or calcium channel blockers.

2. Reduce liver synthesis of cholesterol: Correct. Statins work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a crucial role in the production of cholesterol in the liver. This leads to a reduction in the overall cholesterol levels in the blood.

3. Decrease bile reabsorption: Incorrect. Statins do not primarily work by affecting bile reabsorption. Bile acid sequestrants are the class of drugs that decrease bile reabsorption to lower cholesterol levels.

4. Help to control hyperlipidemia: Correct. Hyperlipidemia refers to elevated levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides. Statins are commonly prescribed to manage and control hyperlipidemia by lowering LDL cholesterol and, to a lesser extent, triglycerides.

5. Cause vasodilation: Incorrect. Statins do not directly cause vasodilation. Vasodilation is typically achieved with medications such as nitrates, calcium channel blockers, or certain antihypertensive drugs.

Summary: Statins reduce liver synthesis of cholesterol and help to control hyperlipidemia. They are not used to treat hypertension, do not decrease bile reabsorption, and do not cause vasodilation.