Questions: In the figure above depicts the before- and after-collision speeds of a 0.41 kg toy car that undergoes a head-on collision with a wall. In Case A, the car bounces off the wall. In Case B, the car crumples up and sticks to the wall. Which correctly describes the change in velocity experienced by these cars? □ Car B experiences a greater change in velocity than Car A □ Car B's change in velocity is -4 m/s □ Car A's change in velocity is -6.8 m/s □ Car B's change in velocity is 0 m/s because it stops □ Car A's change in velocity is -1.2 m/s □ Car A experiences a greater change in velocity than Car B

In the figure above depicts the before- and after-collision speeds of a 0.41 kg toy car that undergoes a head-on collision with a wall. In Case A, the car bounces off the wall. In Case B, the car crumples up and sticks to the wall. Which correctly describes the change in velocity experienced by these cars? □ Car B experiences a greater change in velocity than Car A □ Car B's change in velocity is -4 m/s □ Car A's change in velocity is -6.8 m/s □ Car B's change in velocity is 0 m/s because it stops □ Car A's change in velocity is -1.2 m/s □ Car A experiences a greater change in velocity than Car B
Transcript text: In the figure above depicts the before- and after-collision speeds of a 0.41 kg toy car that undergoes a head-on collision with a wall. In Case A, the car bounces off the wall. In Case B, the car crumples up and sticks to the wall. Which correctly describes the change in velocity experienced by these cars? □ Car B experiences a greater change in velocity than Car A □ Car B's change in velocity is -4 m/s □ Car A's change in velocity is -6.8 m/s □ Car B's change in velocity is 0 m/s because it stops □ Car A's change in velocity is -1.2 m/s □ Car A experiences a greater change in velocity than Car B
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Understanding the Problem

We need to determine the change in velocity for two cases involving a toy car colliding with a wall. In Case A, the car bounces off the wall, and in Case B, the car sticks to the wall. We will calculate the change in velocity for both cases and compare them.

Step 2: Calculating Change in Velocity for Case A

In Case A, the car bounces off the wall. If the initial velocity of the car is \( v_i \) and the final velocity after bouncing is \( v_f \), the change in velocity (\(\Delta v\)) is given by: \[ \Delta v = v_f - v_i \] Assuming the car reverses direction upon bouncing, if \( v_i = 4 \, \text{m/s} \) and \( v_f = -2.8 \, \text{m/s} \), then: \[ \Delta v = -2.8 \, \text{m/s} - 4 \, \text{m/s} = -6.8 \, \text{m/s} \]

Step 3: Calculating Change in Velocity for Case B

In Case B, the car crumples and sticks to the wall, meaning it comes to a stop. If the initial velocity is \( v_i = 4 \, \text{m/s} \) and the final velocity is \( v_f = 0 \, \text{m/s} \), then: \[ \Delta v = 0 \, \text{m/s} - 4 \, \text{m/s} = -4 \, \text{m/s} \]

Final Answer

  • Car A's change in velocity is \(-6.8 \, \text{m/s}\).
  • Car B's change in velocity is \(-4 \, \text{m/s}\).
  • Car A experiences a greater change in velocity than Car B.

Thus, the correct statements are:

  • \(\boxed{\text{Car B's change in velocity is -4 m/s}}\)
  • \(\boxed{\text{Car A's change in velocity is -6.8 m/s}}\)
  • \(\boxed{\text{Car A experiences a greater change in velocity than Car B}}\)
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