Questions: Sylvia accidentally touches a hot stove and quickly pulls her hand back. This is an example of a (A) association (B) instinct (C) learning (D) reflex

The answer is (D): reflex.

Explanation for each option:

(A) Association: This involves forming a connection between two stimuli or between a stimulus and a response, often through learning. Sylvia's reaction is immediate and not learned, so this is incorrect.

(B) Instinct: Instincts are innate behaviors that are typically more complex and involve a series of actions. Sylvia's response is a simple, automatic reaction, not a complex behavior, so this is incorrect.

(C) Learning: Learning involves acquiring knowledge or skills through experience or education. Sylvia's reaction is immediate and does not involve a learning process, so this is incorrect.

(D) Reflex: A reflex is an automatic and rapid response to a stimulus, such as pulling your hand back when touching something hot. This is the correct description of Sylvia's reaction.