The answer is C: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
Explanation for each option:
a. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT): This treaty, which came into effect in 1970, aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy. It does not specifically address the cessation of nuclear test explosions.
b. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM Treaty): Signed in 1972 between the United States and the Soviet Union, this treaty limited the use of missile defense systems to prevent the escalation of the arms race. It does not relate to nuclear test explosions.
c. Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT): This treaty, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1996, specifically aims to ban all nuclear test explosions. However, it has not entered into force because not all required countries have ratified it.
d. Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty (SALT): These were two rounds of talks and agreements (SALT I and SALT II) between the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1970s to limit strategic offensive arms. They do not address nuclear test explosions.
e. Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty): Signed in 1987 between the United States and the Soviet Union, this treaty eliminated an entire class of intermediate-range nuclear and conventional missiles. It does not pertain to nuclear test explosions.