Transcript text: - Growth rate slows following infancy.
- MyPlate.gov is a food guidance system that offers an Internet-based tool to provide clients with individualized recommendations for adequate nutrition. Children require the same food groups as adults, but in smaller serving sizes.
- Energy needs and appetite vary with the child's activity level and growth rate.
- Generally, nutrient needs increase with age.
- Attitudes toward food and general food habits are established by 5 years of age.
- Increasing the variety and texture of foods helps the child develop good eating habits.
- Foods like hot dogs, popcorn, peanuts, grapes, raw carrots, celery, peanut butter, tough meat, and candy can cause choking or aspiration.
- Inclusion in family mealtime is important for social development.
- Group eating becomes a significant means of socialization for school-age children.
TODDLERS: 1 TO 3 YEARS OLD
NUTRITION GUIDELINES
- Toddlers generally grow 2 to 3 inches in height and gain approximately 5 to 6 lb/year.
- Limit 100% juice to 4 to 6 oz a day.
- The 1- to 2-year-old child requires whole cow's milk to provide adequate fat for the still-growing brain.
- Food serving size is 1 tbsp for each year of age.
- Exposure to a new food might be needed 15 to 20 times before the child develops an acceptance of it.
- If there is a negative family history for allergies, cow's milk, chocolate, citrus fruits, egg white, seafood, and nut butters can be gradually introduced while monitoring the child for reactions.
- Toddlers prefer finger foods because of their increasing autonomy. They prefer plain foods to mixtures, but usually like macaroni and cheese, spaghetti, and pizza.
- Regular meal times and nutritious snacks best meet nutrient needs.
- Snacks or desserts that are high in sugar, fat, or sodium should be avoided.
- Children are at an increased risk for choking until 4 years of age.
- Avoid foods that are potential choking hazards. Always provide adult supervision during snack and mealtimes. During food preparation, cut small, bite-sized pieces that are easy to swallow to prevent choking. Do not allow the child to engage in drinking or eating during play activities or while lying down.