Questions: A hydroxyl is present at the 3' end of the growing DNA strand. What is at the 5' end?

A hydroxyl is present at the 3' end of the growing DNA strand. What is at the 5' end?
Transcript text: A hydroxyl is present at the $3^{\prime}$ end of the growing DNA strand. What is at the $5^{\prime}$ end?
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Solution

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The answer is the third one: a phosphate group.

Explanation for each option:

  1. A ribose: This is incorrect. Ribose is a sugar found in RNA, not DNA. In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose.

  2. A nitrogenous base: This is incorrect. Nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) are attached to the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA but are not located specifically at the $5^{\prime}$ end.

  3. A phosphate group: This is correct. In DNA, the $5^{\prime}$ end of a strand typically has a phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the deoxyribose sugar. This is a key feature of the DNA backbone structure.

  4. A deoxyribose: This is incorrect. While deoxyribose is the sugar component of the DNA backbone, it is not specifically located at the $5^{\prime}$ end. The $5^{\prime}$ end is characterized by the presence of a phosphate group.

In summary, the $5^{\prime}$ end of a DNA strand is characterized by the presence of a phosphate group.

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