Questions: The upper soil layers that hold both air and water?

The upper soil layers that hold both air and water are known as the "topsoil" or "A horizon."

Explanation:

1. Topsoil (A horizon) is the uppermost layer of soil, which is rich in organic material and microorganisms. It is crucial for plant growth as it contains the nutrients and minerals necessary for plants.
2. This layer has a good balance of air and water, which is essential for the roots of plants to access oxygen and moisture.
3. The structure of topsoil allows for proper drainage while retaining enough moisture to support plant life.

In summary, the upper soil layers that hold both air and water are referred to as the topsoil or A horizon.