Questions: Questão 08 Nas condições ambientais, é exemplo de sistema em estado de equilibrio uma A) Xícara de café bem quente. B) Garrafa de água mineral gasosa fechada. C) Chama uniforme de bico de Bunsen. D) Porção de água fervendo em temperatura constante.

Solution Steps

In environmental conditions, a system in equilibrium is one where the macroscopic properties (such as temperature, pressure, and concentration) remain constant over time. This implies that there is no net change occurring in the system, and it is in a stable state.

• A) Xícara de café bem quente: A hot cup of coffee is not in equilibrium because it is losing heat to the surroundings, causing its temperature to change over time.
• B) Garrafa de água mineral gasosa fechada: A closed bottle of carbonated water can be in equilibrium. The gas above the liquid and the dissolved gas in the liquid reach a dynamic equilibrium where the rate of gas dissolving equals the rate of gas escaping.
• C) Chama uniforme de bico de Bunsen: A uniform Bunsen burner flame is not in equilibrium because it is a continuous reaction consuming fuel and producing heat and light.
• D) Porção de água fervendo em temperatura constante: Boiling water at a constant temperature is not in equilibrium because it is undergoing a phase change, with water molecules continuously transitioning between liquid and vapor phases.

The only option that describes a system in equilibrium under environmental conditions is the closed bottle of carbonated water, where the gas-liquid equilibrium is maintained.

Final Answer