Questions: For the following reaction sequence, not all substrates and products are shown. ADH and ADLH are enzymes that catalyze each reaction in liver cells. A buildup of acetaldehyde is toxic to cells. Many different versions of the enzymes are present in human populations. Some versions have faster or slower reaction rates than others. Based on this information and your knowledge about biology, select true or false for each of the following statements. True False Different versions of the ADH and ADLH enzymes could have arisen in the population through errors that occurred during DNA replication. The genes that code for the ADH and ADLH enzymes are found only in liver cells. If a person takes in large quantities of ethanol in a short amount of time, mutations will occur that lead to faster ADH reaction rates. Individuals with slow ADLH enzymes are more likely to suffer adverse effects from ethanol consumption than individuals with fast ADLH enzymes. The observation that many different versions of these enzymes exist in human populations means that the enzymes are not critical for survival and reproduction.

For the following reaction sequence, not all substrates and products are shown. ADH and ADLH are enzymes that catalyze each reaction in liver cells. A buildup of acetaldehyde is toxic to cells. Many different versions of the enzymes are present in human populations. Some versions have faster or slower reaction rates than others. Based on this information and your knowledge about biology, select true or false for each of the following statements. True False Different versions of the ADH and ADLH enzymes could have arisen in the population through errors that occurred during DNA replication. The genes that code for the ADH and ADLH enzymes are found only in liver cells. If a person takes in large quantities of ethanol in a short amount of time, mutations will occur that lead to faster ADH reaction rates. Individuals with slow ADLH enzymes are more likely to suffer adverse effects from ethanol consumption than individuals with fast ADLH enzymes. The observation that many different versions of these enzymes exist in human populations means that the enzymes are not critical for survival and reproduction.
Transcript text: For the following reaction sequence, not all substrates and products are shown. ADH and ADLH are enzymes that catalyze each reaction in liver cells. A buildup of acetaldehyde is toxic to cells. Many different versions of the enzymes are present in human populations. Some versions have faster or slower reaction rates than others. Based on this information and your knowledge about biology, select true or false for each of the following statements. True False Different versions of the ADH and ADLH enzymes could have arisen in the population through errors that occurred during DNA replication. The genes that code for the ADH and ADLH enzymes are found only in liver cells. If a person takes in large quantities of ethanol in a short amount of time, mutations will occur that lead to faster ADH reaction rates. Individuals with slow ADLH enzymes are more likely to suffer adverse effects from ethanol consumption than individuals with fast ADLH enzymes. The observation that many different versions of these enzymes exist in human populations means that the enzymes are not critical for survival and reproduction.
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Solution

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Solution Steps

Step 1: Analyze the first statement
  • Statement: Different versions of the ADH and ADLH enzymes could have arisen in the population through errors that occurred during DNA replication.
  • Analysis: Genetic variations often arise due to mutations during DNA replication. These mutations can lead to different versions (alleles) of enzymes.
  • Conclusion: This statement is true.
Step 2: Analyze the second statement
  • Statement: The genes that code for the ADH and ADLH enzymes are found only in liver cells.
  • Analysis: Genes are present in all cells of the body, but their expression is regulated. The ADH and ADLH enzymes are primarily expressed in liver cells, but the genes themselves are not exclusive to liver cells.
  • Conclusion: This statement is false.
Step 3: Analyze the third statement
  • Statement: If a person takes in large quantities of ethanol in a short amount of time, mutations will occur that lead to faster ADH reaction rates.
  • Analysis: Mutations are random events and are not directly caused by the intake of substances like ethanol. The intake of ethanol does not induce specific mutations that increase enzyme reaction rates.
  • Conclusion: This statement is false.

Final Answer

  1. True
  2. False
  3. False
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