Questions: Question 15 (2 points) A patient is generally considered to possess decision-making capacity if they a) appreciate the nature of the recommended care. b) understand their medical diagnosis and prognosis. c) make decisions consistent with their values. d) All of the above Question 16 (2 points) "The Concept of Informed Consent," Ruth R. Faden and Tom L. Beauchamp Faden and Beauchamp believe that the tendency to equate informed consent with shared decision-making is a) confused.

Question 15:

The answer is D: All of the above.

Explanation:

• Option A: Appreciating the nature of the recommended care is crucial for decision-making capacity. It means the patient understands what the treatment involves and its potential benefits and risks.
• Option B: Understanding their medical diagnosis and prognosis is essential. The patient must comprehend their health condition and the likely course it will take with or without treatment.
• Option C: Making decisions consistent with their values is important. This ensures that the patient's choices align with their personal beliefs and preferences.
• Since all these elements are necessary for a patient to be considered to have decision-making capacity, the correct answer is D: All of the above.

Question 16:

The answer is A: confused.

Explanation:

• Faden and Beauchamp argue that equating informed consent with shared decision-making is a misunderstanding. Informed consent is a legal and ethical requirement that ensures patients are fully informed about their treatment options and voluntarily agree to them. Shared decision-making, on the other hand, is a collaborative process where healthcare providers and patients work together to make decisions. While related, they are distinct concepts, and conflating them can lead to confusion about the roles and responsibilities of both patients and healthcare providers.