The amplitude of the graph is the distance from the midline to the peak or trough. In this graph, the midline is at y=0 and the peaks are at y=4. Therefore, the amplitude is 4.
Step 2: Determine the period
The period is the horizontal distance required for one complete cycle of the wave. The graph completes a full cycle from x= -π to x=3π (or x=0 to x=4π), so the period is 4π.
Step 3: Write the equation
Since the graph starts at a maximum value resembling a cosine function, we'll use a cosine function. The general form is y = Acos(Bx), where A is the amplitude and the period is 2π/B. We already found the amplitude (A=4). To find B, we set the period equal to 2π/B and solve: 4π = 2π/B, so B = 1/2.