Questions: Student Guide (continued) Sequence and Protein Structure Chart

Transcript text: Student Guide (continued) Sequence and Protein Structure Chart

Solution

Solution Steps

Step 1: Identifying the Chart

The image presents a circular chart designed to decode mRNA codons into their corresponding amino acids. This is often referred to as a codon wheel or a genetic code chart.

Step 2: Explaining How the Chart Works

To use the chart, you start from the center (5' end of the codon) and move outwards. Each ring represents a position in the codon (first, second, and third base). For example, to find the amino acid coded by AUG, you'd start in the center with A, move to the second ring at U, and finally to the outer ring at G. This points to "Met" (Methionine), which is also indicated as a start codon.

Step 3: Identifying Features of the Chart

Besides the codon-amino acid pairings, the chart labels stop codons (represented by black dots). These codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) signal the end of protein synthesis. The chart also uses both the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations for amino acids.

Final Answer:

The image depicts an mRNA codon wheel used to translate mRNA sequences into amino acid sequences. It allows quick identification of the amino acid corresponding to a specific three-base codon. The chart also highlights the start codon (AUG, coding for Methionine) and the three stop codons (UAA, UAG, and UGA).

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