Questions: Which statement(s) below are TRUE? Check all that apply: When just Na+ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell. When just K+ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell. When just Na+ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell. When just K+ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.

Which statement(s) below are TRUE?
Check all that apply:
When just Na+ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.
When just K+ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell.
When just Na+ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell.
When just K+ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.

Transcript text: Which statement(s) below are TRUE? Check all that apply: When just $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell. When just $\mathrm{K}^{+}$channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell. When just $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell. When just $\mathrm{K}^{+}$channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.

Solution

The answer is the first two statements:

When just $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.
When just $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell.

Explanation for each option:

When just $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.
- This statement is TRUE. When sodium channels open, $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ ions, which are positively charged, flow into the neuron. This influx of positive charge makes the inside of the neuron less negative (more positive), leading to depolarization.
When just $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell.
- This statement is TRUE. When potassium channels open, $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ ions, which are positively charged, flow out of the neuron. This efflux of positive charge makes the inside of the neuron more negative, leading to hyperpolarization.
When just $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron hyperpolarizes because positive charge is leaving the cell.
- This statement is FALSE. As explained above, when sodium channels open, $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ ions enter the cell, causing depolarization, not hyperpolarization.
When just $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ channels are open, the neuron depolarizes because positive charge is entering the cell.
- This statement is FALSE. When potassium channels open, $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ ions leave the cell, causing hyperpolarization, not depolarization.

In summary, the true statements are the first and second ones.

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