Questions: Classify the following monosaccharides as 1. Aldose / Ketose 2. Triose / Tetrose / Pentose / Hexose 3. D / L isomers 4. Circle the chiral carbons

Transcript text: Classify the following monosaccharides as 1. Aldose / Ketose 2. Triose / Tetrose / Pentose / Hexose 3. D / L isomers 4. Circle the chiral carbons

Solution

Solution Steps

Step 1: Classifying as Aldose or Ketose

A and B: The carbonyl group (C=O) is at the end of the carbon chain, classifying these as aldoses.
C: The carbonyl group is within the carbon chain, classifying it as a ketose.
D: The carbonyl group is within the carbon chain, classifying it as a ketose.

Step 2: Classifying by number of carbons

A and B: They both have six carbons, making them hexoses.
C: It has six carbons, making it a hexose.
D: It has six carbons, making it a hexose.

Step 3: Classifying D/L isomers

A: The -OH on the chiral carbon furthest from the carbonyl group (the penultimate carbon) is on the right, classifying it as a D-isomer.
B: The -OH on the penultimate carbon is on the left, classifying it as an L-isomer.
C: The -OH on the penultimate carbon is on the right, classifying it as a D-isomer.
D: The -OH on the penultimate carbon is on the right, classifying it as a D-isomer.